化工新型材料

化工新型材料 ›› 2020, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11) : 218-222. DOI: 10.19817/j.cnki.issn 1006-3536.2020.11.048

科学研究

亚临界干燥法制备TiO₂/SiO₂复合气凝胶及其光催化性能研究

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Preparation of TiO₂/SiO₂ composite aerogel by subcritical method and its photocatalytic activity

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摘要

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和钛酸四丁酯(TnBT)为原料,去离子水和无水乙醇为溶剂,盐酸、甲酰胺为催化剂,通过酸/碱两步溶胶-凝胶法制得TiO₂/SiO₂复合醇凝胶,经过老化、溶剂置换等后续工艺,在亚临界条件下干燥制备不同TiO₂/SiO₂比的复合气凝胶。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、BET比表面积、热重-差示量热(TG-DSC)和红外光谱(FT-IR)等手段对气凝胶进行了表征。并将制备的TiO₂/SiO₂复合气凝胶用于紫外光催化降解甲基橙。结果表明:不同TiO₂/SiO₂比的复合气凝胶经过500℃煅烧之后,n(Ti)∶n(Si)=1∶1时其比表面积最高达480.61m²/g,其组成为无定形SiO₂和锐钛矿TiO₂。紫外光催化降解甲基橙实验表明,采用亚临界干燥制备得到的TiO₂/SiO₂复合气凝胶,其催化降解率可达到99.6%,表现出优异的催化性能。

Abstract

TiO₂/SiO₂ composite aerogels were prepared from ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and butyl titanate (TnBT) as raw materials,deionized water and absolute ethanol as solvent,hydrochloric acid,ammonia and formamide as the catalysts.The SiO₂ and TiO₂/SiO₂ composite alcohol gels were prepared by acid/base two step sol-gel method.After aging,solvent replacement and other subsequent processes,TiO₂/SiO₂ aerogels were prepared by subcritical conditions.The aerogels were characterized by SEM,TEM,XRD,BET,TG-DSC and FT-IR.The prepared aerogels were used for ultraviolet photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange.The results shown that the aerogels with different TiO₂/SiO₂ ratios had a specific surface area of 480.61m²/g when n(Ti)∶n(Si)=1∶1 after being calcinated at 500℃.Its composition was amorphous SiO₂ and anatase TiO₂.UV-catalyzed degradation of methyl orange showed that the aerogels which prepared by subcritical drying had the catalytic degradation rate up to 99.6%,and exhibited excellent catalytic performance.

关键词

气凝胶 / 二氧化钛/二氧化硅复合气凝胶 / 亚临界干燥 / 溶胶-凝胶法

Key words

aerogel / TiO₂/SiO₂ composite aerogel / subcritical drying / sol-gel method

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亚临界干燥法制备TiO₂/SiO₂复合气凝胶及其光催化性能研究[J]. 化工新型材料, 2020, 48(11): 218-222 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn 1006-3536.2020.11.048

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